Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is defined as an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid with consequent enlargement of the ventricular system. This can be caused by various factors. Fundamentally, a distinction is made between obstructive hydrocephalus and malresorptive hydrocephalus.

Imaging

Hydrocephalus can be visualized on CT or MRI. Depending on the etiology, the site of obstruction in obstructive hydrocephalus may only be visualized on MRI.

MRI of hydrocephalus
Axial T2-weighted MRI of the skull showing enlargement of the lateral ventricles.

CT of shunt dysfunction in hydrocephalus
Axial CT image of a patient with hydrocephalus due to VP shunt dysfunction.

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