Serpentine Aneurysm

Synonyms
serpentine aneurysm, Giant serpentine aneurysms, GSA

A serpentine aneurysm (Serpentine Aneurysm) is a subtype of a giant aneurysm[^1].

Definition

A serpentine aneurysm consists of a partially thrombosed giant aneurysm (≥ 25 mm in diameter) traversed by a continuous, tortuous intra-aneurysmal vascular channel. This vascular channel has an entry and an exit point, distinguishing it from a typical giant aneurysm, which has no exit point.

Location

Involved artery[^3]

Percentage %

Middle cerebral artery (MCA)

50 %

Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

18 %

Vertebral artery / Vertebrobasilar junction

15 %

Internal carotid artery (ICA)

13 %

Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)

3 %

Imaging

A pathognomonic imaging sign of a serpentine giant aneurysm is the so-called Pretzel Sign on digital subtraction angiography[^2].

Serpentine giant aneurysm DSA
Digital subtraction angiography of a serpentine giant aneurysm. Illustration adapted from Fodstad et al. 1978.

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