Anarthria is characterized by a complete inability to perform speech movements and thus represents the most severe form of Dysarthria.
Clinical manifestation
Patients with anarthria are unable to articulate speech. Patients with anarthria may have intact linguistic and cognitive abilities, and some are able to produce limited oral movements and undifferentiated vocalizations when attempting to speak[^1].
Etiology
The associated lesion, such as a cerebral infarction, Intracerebral hemorrhage, or a Brain tumor, may be located in the lateral Motor cortex, the language-dominant hemisphere (cortical motor representation of the tongue, larynx, lips, etc.), the associated pathways, or in the Brainstem in the region of the cranial nerve nuclei of the Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vagus nerve, and\/or Hypoglossal nerve.
Treatment
In patients with anarthria combined with spastic Tetraparesis caused by a brainstem stroke, initial studies have demonstrated that words and sentences can be decoded directly from cortical activity using a brain-computer interface[^2].