The Gertzbein Classification was published in 1990 and is used to classify medial breaches of Pedicle screws from Th8 to S1[^1].
Grade | Breach distance (mm) |
Grade 0 | Screw within the pedicle |
Grade 1 | < 2 mm |
Grade 2 | 2-4 mm |
Grade 3 | > 4 mm |
In the original classification study, pedicle screw breaches of more than 4 mm were associated with neurological deficits[^1].