The Spetzler-Ponce classification is used to assess the treatment of AVMs in three grades based on the Spetzler-Martin classification and was published by Spetzler et al. in 2011[^1].
* Exceptions for the treatment of grade C AVMs include: recurrent hemorrhages, progressive neurological deficits, steal-related symptoms, and AVM-associated aneurysms[^1].
Figure
EnlargeOriginal figure of the Spetzler-Ponce AVM classification. Figure adapted from the original publication by Spetzler et al. 2011.EnlargeOriginal figure of the Spetzler-Ponce AVM classification. Figure adapted from the original publication by Spetzler et al. 2011.EnlargeOriginal figure of the Spetzler-Ponce AVM classification. Figure adapted from the original publication by Spetzler et al. 2011.EnlargeOriginal figure of the Spetzler-Ponce AVM classification. Figure adapted from the original publication by Spetzler et al. 2011.
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