A Schipper fracture, also known as a Clay-Shoveler Fracture, is an Avulsion fracture of the Spinous process in the lower cervical spine.
Etiology
A Schipper fracture is usually caused by chronic abnormal loading of the cervical spine. Nowadays, Schipper fractures are observed primarily in athletes who perform rotational movements of the upper spine[^1]. The fracture has been described in the literature, for example, in volleyball players[^2].
Classification
According to the AO Spine Classification, Schipper fractures are classified as A0 fractures.
Treatment
In most cases, Schipper fractures are treated conservatively with analgesia and physical therapy[^2].
Background
The Schipper fracture was originally described in Australia in clay shovelers. Because clay adheres strongly to shovels and was moved outward by the workers from deeper trenches using the shovel, a sudden force was exerted on the neck region, resulting in an avulsion fracture[^1].