Last edit by Alaric Steinmetz on 15.05.2026
The Marshall classification was published in 1992 and is used to classify a traumatic brain injury with the help of the available CT findings[^1].
Category
CT findings
Mortality (%)[^2]
I - Diffuse injury
No visible pathology
6.4%
II - Diffuse injury
Midline shift up to 5 mm
Basal cisterns visible
No hyperdense (or mixed) lesions larger than 25 cm³, including bone fragments and foreign bodies
11%
III - Diffuse injury (swelling)
Basal cisterns compressed or completely effaced.
29%
IV - Diffuse injury (shift)
Midline shift > 5 mm
44%
V - Evacuated mass lesion
Any surgically evacuated lesion
30%
V - Non-evacuated mass lesion
Hyperdense (or mixed) lesions larger than 25 cm³, including bone fragments and foreign bodies
No surgical evacuation
34%
3 edits by 1 author
No content change recorded
Article created on 15.05.2026 · Alaric Steinmetz