Parahippocampal gyrus

Last edit by Alaric Steinmetz on

Synonyms: PHG

The parahippocampal gyrus is a gyrus of the brain, which surrounds the hippocampus and is part of the limbic system.

Anatomy

The inferior surface of the temporal lobe is formed by three gyri, with the parahippocampal gyrus representing the medial gyrus. The lateral boundary of the parahippocampal gyrus is determined by the collateral sulcus, and the medial boundary by the ambient cistern[^2]. The parahippocampal gyrus extends anteriorly into the uncus and posteriorly into the lingual gyrus[^1].

Function

The parahippocampal gyrus plays a role in higher cognitive functions, including the encoding and retrieval of memories as well as visuospatial processing[^2].

Illustration

Parahippocampal gyrus
Schematic illustration of the parahippocampal gyrus in a median sagittal section of the brain. Illustration adapted from Grays Anatomy.
parahippocampal gyrus
Schematic illustration of the parahippocampal gyrus (marked in blue). Figure adapted from Sobottas anatomy atlas.